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Pre-exposure Prophylaxis

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uses antiretroviral medicine before possible exposure to reduce the chance of acquiring HIV. It is for people confirmed HIV-negative and works only when the prescribed regimen is followed consistently.

Key points

  • PrEP does not treat existing HIV and does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections or pregnancy.
  • Starting and continuing PrEP requires HIV testing; kidney function, hepatitis B status, interactions and the chosen regimen may also need review.
  • Oral options can include tenofovir with emtricitabine; regimen and schedule depend on clinical guidance and individual factors.

Catalogue matches do not establish PrEP eligibility or the correct regimen; use requires testing and clinical follow-up.

How PrEP works

Oral PrEP options can include tenofovir with emtricitabine. The appropriate medicine and schedule depend on clinical guidance, exposure pattern, kidney function, hepatitis B status and other individual factors. PrEP reduces risk but does not eliminate it, does not treat existing HIV and does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections. HIV testing and follow-up are essential parts of HIV management.

Who benefits from PrEP

PrEP is indicated for HIV-negative adults in higher-risk groups, including men who have sex with men, serodiscordant couples (where one partner is HIV-positive), and people who inject drugs. Starting PrEP requires a confirmed negative HIV test; ongoing negative results are needed to continue.

When to seek urgent care

PrEP is not emergency treatment after a possible exposure. Seek urgent medical advice as soon as possible after a significant recent exposure to discuss post-exposure prophylaxis, which is time-sensitive. A severe allergic reaction or serious new illness needs urgent care.

Further reading