Restless Legs Syndrome
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) causes an urge to move the legs with uncomfortable sensations, beginning or worsening at rest, easing temporarily with movement and usually worsening in the evening.
Key points
- The characteristic timing and relief with movement distinguish RLS from cramps, nerve pain and circulation problems.
- Iron deficiency, pregnancy, kidney disease and some medicines can cause or worsen symptoms and should be reviewed.
- Dopamine agonists can help selected patients but may worsen or shift symptoms earlier over time, so monitoring matters.
Catalogue matches do not confirm RLS or indicate a suitable neurological treatment.
What should assessment check?
History usually establishes the symptom pattern. Ferritin and other tests may be appropriate when iron deficiency or another condition is suspected. Numbness, weakness, swelling or exertional pain suggests a different diagnosis.
How is RLS managed?
Correcting a confirmed deficiency or contributing medicine may help. Sleep habits and reduced evening caffeine can support care. Pramipexole and ropinirole have selected roles, with attention to augmentation, sleepiness and impulse-control effects.
When to seek urgent care
RLS itself is not usually urgent. Seek prompt care for a suddenly swollen painful leg, new weakness or numbness, loss of bladder or bowel control, chest pain or breathlessness.