Non-hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a broad family of lymphocyte cancers with different cells of origin, growth rates and treatment needs.
Key points
- Persistent nodes, fever, night sweats or weight loss require assessment but cannot identify lymphoma subtype.
- Excisional or core biopsy with immunophenotyping and genetic testing is essential before systemic treatment.
- Some indolent NHL is initially observed, while aggressive subtypes need prompt combination therapy.
The listings below are not interchangeable lymphoma medicines; haematology should establish subtype, stage and treatment goal.
Defining subtype and stage
Pathology distinguishes dozens of B- and T-cell entities. PET-CT or other imaging maps involved nodes and organs, while bone marrow and laboratory tests are used selectively. Viral testing and cardiac function may affect treatment safety.
Treatment and supportive care
Antibody–chemotherapy combinations, targeted inhibitors, radiotherapy, transplantation and cellular therapy have subtype-specific roles. Infection prevention, vaccination, fertility and tumour-lysis risk are addressed before treatment. Response assessment determines whether to complete, intensify or change the plan.
When to seek urgent care
Contact the treating team urgently for fever during therapy, breathing or swallowing difficulty from a rapidly enlarging mass, uncontrolled bleeding, confusion, severe weakness or very low urine output.