Enuresis
Enuresis is repeated involuntary urination in a child or adult beyond the developmental age when continence would usually be expected.
Key takeaways
- Night-only enuresis differs from daytime wetting, urgency or weak stream, which needs broader bladder assessment.
- New wetting after at least six dry months can signal stress, constipation, infection, diabetes or sleep disturbance.
- Alarm therapy can produce durable night-time improvement, while desmopressin gives temporary control with strict fluid-safety rules.
The listings below are not appropriate without clarifying the pattern; kidney, heart and sodium risks affect medicine use.
What evaluation covers
A bladder and fluid diary records timing and volumes. Clinicians ask about bowel habits, snoring, thirst, painful urination and neurological symptoms, then use urine testing when indicated. Enuresis is not deliberate; blame and punishment worsen distress.
Matching treatment to the pattern
Constipation and daytime bladder dysfunction are addressed before night-only strategies. A moisture alarm requires consistent use and family support. Desmopressin reduces night urine production but excess evening fluid can cause dangerous low sodium; it should be paused according to sick-day instructions.
When to seek urgent care
Seek prompt assessment for fever, back pain, painful urination, marked thirst, weight loss or new weakness. Headache, vomiting, confusion or seizure after desmopressin is an emergency.