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Ovral (Ethinyl Estradiol Norgestrel) Buyer and Patient Handbook in Singapore

Ovral (Ethinyl Estradiol Norgestrel) is a combined oral contraceptive pill that contains the synthetic estrogen ethinyl estradiol and the progestogen norgestrel, formulated to prevent pregnancy. It belongs to the class of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and is approved by the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) of Singapore. The product is supplied as a film-coated tablet.

What is Ovral?

Ovral is a combined oral contraceptive (COC) pill. It belongs to the hormonal contraception class and is indicated for reliable pregnancy prevention in women of reproductive age. The tablet delivers 30 µg ethinyl estradiol together with 150 µg norgestrel, providing a total hormone load of 300 µg per dose.

Who Should Use Ovral?

• Women aged 18 - 45 years seeking an effective, reversible method of contraception.
• Individuals with regular menstrual cycles who prefer a daily oral regimen.
• Women without a history of thromboembolic disease, uncontrolled Hypertension, or hormone-sensitive cancers.

How Does It Work?

Ovral prevents pregnancy by delivering steady levels of estrogen and progestogen that:

1. Inhibit ovulation - the hormones suppress the pituitary release of luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), stopping the follicle from releasing an egg.
2. Thicken cervical mucus - making it difficult for sperm to reach any egg that might be present.
3. Alter the endometrium - creating a lining that is less suitable for implantation.

Because the hormones act systemically, they affect the entire reproductive axis, not just the ovaries. Ovral carries a low-to-moderate abuse potential; misuse (e.g., taking extra pills to enhance weight loss) can increase the risk of blood clots and should be avoided.

Why Choose Ovral?

• Reliable efficacy - when taken correctly, typical-use failure rates are below 1 %.
• Predictable cycle control - many users experience lighter, more regular periods.
• Convenient dosing - a single pill taken each day at the same time.

Off-label uses (such as Acne treatment or menstrual regulation) may be discussed with a healthcare professional, but Ovral is not formally approved for those indications.

Dosage, Administration, Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations

Recommended Dosage

• One tablet daily for 21 consecutive days, followed by a 7-day pill-free interval (or placebo tablets) during which withdrawal bleeding occurs.

How to Take

• Take the tablet at the same time each day, preferably with water.
• Food does not significantly affect absorption, so you may take it with or without meals.

Missed Dose

• If you miss a tablet by less than 12 hours, take it as soon as you remember and continue with the next pill at the usual time.
• If the delay exceeds 12 hours, take the missed tablet immediately and use a backup method (e.g., condoms) for the next 7 days.

Overdose

• In case of accidental overdose, seek urgent medical attention. Symptoms may include Nausea, Vomiting, and dizziness.

Special Populations

• Elderly: Not indicated.
• Adolescents (≤ 16 years): Use only after thorough counseling on risks and benefits.
• Renal/hepatic impairment: No dose adjustment required, but monitor for side effects.

Lifestyle & Diet

• Alcohol: Moderate consumption is acceptable; heavy drinking may increase clot risk.
• Caffeine: No proven interaction, but excessive intake can exacerbate headache or Anxiety.
• Grapefruit juice: May increase estrogen levels slightly; avoid large quantities.

Precautions and Warnings

• Do not use if you have a history of deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or known clotting disorders.
• Avoid if you are pregnant, have uncontrolled hypertension, or have known or suspected estrogen-dependent tumors (e.g., Breast Cancer).
• Smoking while taking Ovral markedly raises cardiovascular risk, especially for women over 35 years; cessation is strongly advised.

Drug Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Nausea
• Breast tenderness
• Headache
• Spotting between periods

Less Common Side Effects

• Mood changes
• Weight fluctuation
• Decreased libido

Serious Side Effects (seek immediate medical help)

• Unusual leg Pain or swelling (possible deep-vein thrombosis)
• Severe chest pain or shortness of breath (pulmonary embolism)
• Persistent severe headache or visual disturbances (possible stroke)

Who Should Avoid This Medication?

• Known hypersensitivity to ethinyl estradiol, norgestrel, or any excipients.
• Current pregnancy.
• History of thromboembolic disease or stroke.
• Uncontrolled hypertension (> 160/100 mm Hg).
• Active liver disease or liver tumors.

Storage Instructions

• Keep tablets in the original blister pack, tightly closed.
• Store at 20 °C - 25 °C (68 °F - 77 °F); protect from excessive heat, moisture, and direct sunlight.
• Keep out of reach of children.

Ovral Alternatives

Frequently Asked Questions

How quickly does Ovral become effective?

Ovral provides reliable contraception after 7 days of daily use if started on the first day of your menstrual cycle; otherwise, use a backup method for the first 7 days.

Can I take Ovral if I breastfeed?

Ovral is not recommended during lactation because estrogen can reduce milk production. Discuss alternative methods with your healthcare provider.

What should I do if I experience severe headaches?

Stop the pill immediately and seek urgent medical evaluation, as severe headache can signal a serious vascular event.

Is it safe to travel across time zones while on Ovral?

Yes, but maintain a consistent daily intake time. If the time shift exceeds 3 hours, you may take the pill at the new local time and continue the same schedule.

Can Ovral be used to manage acne?

Acne improvement is an off-label benefit and varies by individual. Consult a clinician before using it for this purpose.

Does Ovral protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

No, Ovral does not provide protection against STIs; use condoms for that purpose.

Will Ovral cause weight gain?

Weight changes are uncommon; any perceived gain is usually due to fluid retention rather than fat accumulation.

Can I start Ovral at any point in my cycle?

Ovral can be initiated on the first day of menstruation, the first Sunday after menstruation, or within the first 5 days after a missed period. Follow the specific start-up instructions provided by your clinician.

What if I miss two consecutive pills?

Take the most recent missed pill as soon as you remember, discard the earlier missed pill, and use a backup method for the next 7 days.

Is it safe to take Ovral while on antihypertensive medication?

If your blood pressure is well controlled, Ovral can be used, but regular monitoring is essential. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare professional.

Glossary

• Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC): A pill containing both estrogen and progestogen that prevents ovulation.
• Thromboembolism: Formation of a blood clot that can travel and block vessels, a serious risk with estrogen-containing pills.
• Progestogen: A synthetic hormone that mimics the activity of natural Progesterone, stabilising the uterine lining.

Disclaimer

This handbook provides general information based on current medical knowledge and does not replace professional medical advice. Off-label uses should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider. Our service offers educational content and facilitates access to approved medicines; it does not prescribe or dispense medication. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.