Buy Metformin Online

Metformin (Metformin Hydrochloride) Buyer and Patient Handbook in Singapore

Metformin (Metformin Hydrochloride) is an oral antihyperglycaemic agent belonging to the big-uanide class, primarily used to improve blood-sugar control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

What is Metformin?

Metformin is a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes that helps lower fasting and post-prandial glucose levels. It works by reducing hepatic glucose production, enhancing peripheral insulin sensitivity, and modestly delaying intestinal carbohydrate absorption. The drug is approved by the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) of Singapore and is available in immediate-release tablets in strengths of 500 mg, 850 mg, and 100 mg.

Who Should Use Metformin?

• Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
• Individuals with impaired glucose tolerance who need pharmacologic intervention
• Patients who are overweight or obese and benefit from weight-neutral or modest weight loss
• Those with normal renal function (eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m²)

How Does It Work?

Metformin’s primary mechanism is to inhibit gluconeogenesis in the liver, which decreases the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream. It also activates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, increasing glucose uptake by muscle cells and reducing insulin resistance. Think of it as a “fuel-efficiency” upgrade for the body’s metabolism, allowing cells to use glucose more effectively without increasing insulin levels. Abuse potential is minimal; however, use in severe renal impairment can raise the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious condition.

Why Choose Metformin?

• Cost-effective: As a generic, it offers substantial savings compared with brand-only alternatives.
• Weight-neutral: Unlike many glucose-lowering agents, it does not cause weight gain and may promote modest loss.
• Cardiovascular benefit: Long-term studies show a reduction in macro-vascular events in patients with T2DM.

Off-label use (e.g., Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, pre-diabetes) should only be considered after discussing potential benefits and risks with a qualified health professional.

Dosage, Administration, Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations

Recommended Dosage

• Initial: 500 mg once daily with the evening meal.
• Titration: Increase by 500 mg weekly or every 2 weeks, as tolerated, to a typical maintenance dose of 150-200 mg per day (divided into two or three doses).
• Maximum: 255 mg per day (usually 850 mg + 850 mg + 850 mg).

How to Take

1. Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water.
2. Take with food (preferably the main meal) to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.
3. Do not crush or chew the tablet.

Missed Dose

• If you remember within 12 hours, take the missed dose with the next meal.
• Skip it if it is close to the time of the next scheduled dose; do not double-dose.

Overdose

• Seek emergency medical assistance immediately.
• Symptoms may include Nausea, Vomiting, abdominal Pain, and lethargy. Prompt treatment focuses on supportive care and monitoring blood lactate levels.

Special Populations

• Elderly: Start at 500 mg once daily; monitor renal function closely.
• Renal impairment: Avoid if eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²; dose-adjust if eGFR 30-45 mL/min/1.73 m².
• Pregnancy & lactation: Generally considered safe; continue under medical supervision.

Lifestyle & Diet

• Grapefruit: No significant interaction, but maintain a balanced diet.
• Alcohol: Limit intake; excessive consumption increases lactic acidosis risk.
• Exercise: Regular physical activity augments Metformin’s glucose-lowering effect.

Precautions and Warnings

• Verify renal function before initiation and periodically thereafter.
• Monitor vitamin B12 levels annually; Metformin can reduce absorption.
• Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to big-uanides.
• Use caution in patients with hepatic disease or Heart Failure.

Drug Interactions

Potential Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal upset (diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal discomfort)
• Metallic taste

Less Common Side Effects

• Vitamin B12 deficiency (Fatigue, neuropathy)
• Skin rash or Pruritus

Serious Side Effects

• Lactic acidosis (rapid breathing, Muscle Pain, weakness) - seek urgent medical care
• Severe hypersensitivity reactions (swelling, difficulty breathing) - stop medication and seek help

Who Should Avoid This Medication?

• Individuals with eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
• Patients with a history of lactic acidosis
• Those with known hypersensitivity to Metformin or other big-uanides

Storage Instructions

• Keep tablets in original container, tightly closed.
• Store at 20-25 °C (68-77 °F); protect from moisture and heat.
• Keep out of reach of children.

Metformin Alternatives

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take for Metformin to start working?

Metformin begins to lower blood glucose within 24-48 hours, but the full therapeutic effect may take 2-4 weeks.

Can I take Metformin if I have a mild kidney problem?

If your eGFR is between 30 and 45 mL/min/1.73 m², a reduced dose may be appropriate; values below 30 mL/min/1.73 m² are contraindicated.

Is it safe to drink coffee while on Metformin?

Moderate coffee consumption does not affect Metformin’s efficacy; however, excessive caffeine may increase gastrointestinal upset.

Do I need to take Metformin with food every time?

Taking it with a main meal reduces the likelihood of stomach upset and improves tolerability.

Can Metformin cause weight loss?

Many patients experience modest weight loss or remain weight-stable, which is an advantage over some other diabetes medicines.

What should I do if I experience persistent diarrhoea?

Contact a health professional; they may suggest a slow-release formulation or dose adjustment.

Is Metformin appropriate for pre-diabetes?

It can be considered for high-risk individuals, but lifestyle modification remains the first-line approach.

How often should my kidney function be checked?

At least annually, or more frequently if you have risk factors for renal decline.

Can I travel with Metformin?

Yes, keep tablets in their original packaging with your name on the label to avoid customs issues.

Does Metformin interact with over-the-counter antacids?

No clinically significant interaction has been reported.

Glossary

• Big-uanide: A class of oral antidiabetic drugs that lower blood glucose without stimulating insulin release.
• eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; a measure of kidney function.
• Lactic acidosis: A rare but serious buildup of lactic acid in the blood, potentially life-threatening.

Disclaimer

The information provided here is for general educational purposes and does not substitute professional medical advice. Off-label uses should be discussed with a qualified health practitioner. Our platform offers a convenient way to purchase medicines that are legally approved in Singapore; however, the ultimate responsibility for safe and appropriate use rests with the individual. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.