Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Prophylaxis FAQ
What is Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare?
MAI is a group of bacteria that can cause lung infections, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV.
Who should consider MAI prophylaxis?
Individuals with a low CD4 count or those diagnosed with HIV should consider prophylaxis to prevent serious infections.
How is MAI diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and microbiological tests to detect the presence of mycobacteria.
What medications are used for MAI prophylaxis?
Commonly used medications include Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, and Rifabutin.
Are there side effects to MAI prophylaxis medications?
Yes, side effects can include gastrointestinal upset, rash, and potential interactions with other drugs; always consult your doctor.
How effective is MAI prophylaxis?
When adhered to correctly, prophylaxis can significantly reduce the risk of MAI infections in high-risk populations.
How often should prophylactic treatment be taken?
Prophylactic medications are generally taken daily or as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Can I stop taking prophylaxis if I feel well?
It's crucial to consult your healthcare provider before stopping any prophylactic treatment, even if you feel healthy.
Is MAI contagious?
No, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is not contagious and does not spread from person to person.
What lifestyle changes can help prevent MAI infections?
Maintaining a strong immune system through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding known pathogens can help.
What should I do if I develop symptoms of MAI?
Seek medical attention promptly if you experience symptoms such as persistent cough, weight loss, or fever.
Can children take MAI prophylaxis?
Yes, but the decision must be made by a healthcare provider considering the child's specific health needs.
What is the role of CD4 counts in MAI prophylaxis?
Lower CD4 counts indicate a higher risk for opportunistic infections, prompting the need for prophylaxis.
How long should I continue MAI prophylaxis?
The duration of prophylaxis depends on your health status and should be determined by your healthcare provider.
Can I travel while on MAI prophylaxis?
Yes, but it's important to stay aware of your health and manage your medication schedule while traveling.
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